An A. V. Seldon essay / September 2026

The Illusion of Control

Real Human Agency in the Age of AI

The Illusion of Control — They are Both — A. V. Seldon

Visual essay

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THE ILLUSION OF CONTROL · VISUAL ESSAY · A. V. SELDON

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Publication overview · adapted from the research edition

AI does not need to take the decision away from us to weaken our control over it.

The argument

The usual test for human control over artificial intelligence is whether a human remains in the loop. That is no longer enough.

A human may retain legal responsibility, an override and the final decision. Yet AI may increasingly select the evidence, frame the problem, generate the alternatives and recommend the answer.

The essay calls this Effective Authority Drift: decision-making influence moves towards AI while formal authority remains human. The practical test is whether the human retains enough independent capacity to understand the decision, challenge its assumptions and recognise when the choices themselves should be questioned.

Why the distinction matters

Final approval and independent judgement are not the same thing. The essay shifts attention from who signs off a decision to who has shaped the evidence, assumptions and alternatives from which it emerges.

For readers concerned with markets and capital allocation, the question is direct: are we using AI to strengthen our judgement, or allowing it to define the range within which judgement is exercised?

Cite this work

Seldon, A. V. (2026). The Illusion of Control: Real Human Agency in the Age of AI. Publication version, 20 September 2026. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22859358

This page is a publication overview, not a substitute for the full paper. Arguments, references and qualifications should be read in the original edition.

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